Mokhoa oa ho Lekola Tshebetso le Botšepehi ba Likhoele tsa PROFINET?

1. Hobaneng ha ho Lekoa Likhoele tsa PROFINET ho le Bohlokoa

PROFINET ke tekanyetso ea Ethernet ea indasteri e amoheloang haholo e nolofalletsang puisano ea nako ea sebele lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa libakeng tsa tlhahiso. Ha mekhatlo e ntse e itšetleha haholo ka theknoloji ena ho ntlafatsa khokahano le ho nolofatsa lits'ebetso, bohlokoa ba ho netefatsa boleng le ts'ebetso ea likhoele tsa PROFINET bo ke ke ba feteletsoa. ​​Ho leka likhoele tsena ha se feela mokhoa oa thibelo - ke mohato oa bohlokoa oa ho sireletsa meralo eohle ea motheo ea marang-rang.

Ho leka likhoele tsa PROFINET ho netefatsa melemo e mene e meholo:

1. Phetiso ea data e tsitsitsengka ho thibela tahlehelo ea lipakete le ho hloleha ha puisano.

2. Botšepehi ba marang-rang, ho fokotsa nako e sa lebelloang ea ho phomola.

3. Ho latela maemo, e tiisang ho latela ditlhoko tsa IEC 61158 le PROFINET.

4. Phokotso ea litšenyeheloka ho lemoha liphoso pele li mpefala ho ba tse hlolehang tsamaisong.

2. Liparamente tsa Ts'ebetso ea Bohlokoa tse Lokelang ho Lekoa

Ha ho lekoa likhoele tsa PROFINET, lintlha tse latelang li lokela ho hlahlojoa:

• Botšepehi ba lets'oao– e netefatsa phetiso e hloekileng, e se nang khopamo ea data.

• Ho bapisa impedance– Hangata PROFINET e hloka likhoele tsa 100Ω Cat5e/Cat6.

• Crosstalk (E NANG LE E 'NGOE le FEXT)– e thibela tšitiso lipakeng tsa lipara tsa cable.

• Ho fokotseha ha maikutlo– e lekanya tahlehelo ea lets'oao ho feta bolelele ba thapo.

• Tahlehelo ea ho khutla– e lekola menahano e bakoang ke ho fela ha mosebetsi hampe.

• Katleho ea tšireletso– bohlokoa haholo libakeng tse lerata tsa indasteri.

• Tšenyo ea 'mele– ho seha, ho kobeha, kapa ho thibana ho ka fokotsa tshebetso.

Mohlala oa cable:
Thapo ea PROFINET ea mofuta oa B/C ea indasteri ea Cat5e Ethernet, e nang le khoutu ea D ea M12 e nang le tekanyo ea IP67 ho tloha ho monna ho ea ho mosali, li-conductor tse sirelelitsoeng habeli tsa SF/UTP tse 22AWG tse sirelelitsoeng, sehlopha sa indasteri sa kantle se tenyetsehang haholo, se nang le tekanyo ea PLTC, baki e tala ea TPE.

3. Mekhoa ea ho Lekola Likhoele tsa PROFINET

1) Tlhahlobo ea Pono

Tlhahlobo e tebileng ea pono ke mohato oa pele oa ho lekola botšepehi ba cable. Hlahloba lihokelo tsohle bakeng sa matšoao a tšenyo, mafome, kapa li-pin tse kobehileng. Hlahloba bolelele ba cable bakeng sa khatello ea 'mele, ho kobeha ho tiileng, kapa tšireletso e pepeneneng. Ka kakaretso, boloka radius ea bonyane ea kobeho e lekanang le bophara ba cable ka makhetlo a robeli ho thibela tšenyo ea ka hare ea conductor.

2) Teko ea ho Tsoela Pele

Teko ea ho tsoela pele e netefatsa hore li-conductor tsohle tse robeli li hokahane ka nepo ho tloha qalong ho ea qetellong. Sena se khetholla lipotoloho tse bulehileng, likhoele tse khutšoane, kapa lithapo tse tšetsoeng tse ka sitisang puisano. Sesebelisoa se bonolo sa ho hlahloba cable kapa multimeter se ka netefatsa ho tsoela pele ha motheo nakong ea liteko tsa ho kenya kapa tsa tlhokomelo.

3) Teko ea 'Mapa oa Litšepe

Teko ea Wiremap e netefatsa likabelo tse nepahetseng tsa phini ho latela maemo a TIA-568A kapa TIA-568B. E khetholla lipara tse arohaneng tse ka 'nang tsa se ke tsa hlaha tekong ea motheo ea ho tsoela pele empa li ka senya boleng ba lets'oao haholo. Ho netefatsa moralo oa wiring ho thusa ho boloka ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng le ho latela maemo.

4) Teko ea Botšepehi ba Matšoao

Teko ea botšepehi ba lets'oao e lekola bokhoni ba thapo ea ho fetisa data ntle le ho senyeha ka ho lekanya ho fokotseha, ho bua ka tsela e fapaneng le ho se sebetse hantle. Lisebelisoa tse kang Fluke Networks DSX CableAnalyzer hangata li sebelisoa ho netefatsa hore lithapo li latela maemo a ts'ebetso ea Ethernet le PROFINET.

5) Netefatso ea Tšireletso le Tšireletso ea Lefatše

Teko ena e tiisa hore tšireletso e tsoela pele ho pholletsa le thapo le lihokelo, 'me e khetholla mathata a ho thella a ka eketsang ho pepesehela EMI. Tšireletso le ho thella hantle lia hlokahala libakeng tse lerata tsa indasteri.

6) Teko ea Sekhahla sa Phoso ea Bit (BERT)

BERT e lekanya diphoso tsa phetiso ya data tsa nnete tlasa mojaro. Ka ho lekola sekgahla sa diphoso tsa bit nakong ya tshebetso, teko ena e fana ka tlhahlobo ya sebele ya tshebetso ya cable tshebedisong ya lefatshe la nnete—e leng ya bohlokwa bakeng sa marangrang a hlokang ho tshepahala ho hoholo le ho lieha ho tlase.

7) Teko ea Khatello ea Tikoloho

Teko ea tikoloho e pepesetsa likhoele mochesong o feteletseng, ho thothomela, mongobo le maemo a mang a thata ho netefatsa ho tšoarella libakeng tsa indasteri kapa tsa kantle. Likhoele tsa PROFINET tse nang le maemo a kantle hangata li sebelisa lijakete tsa PUR kapa PE ho hanela mahlaseli a UV le ho pepesehela lik'hemik'hale.

Mohlala oa cable:
Thapo ea PROFINET ea mofuta oa B/C ea indasteri ea Cat5e Ethernet, e nang le khoutu ea D ea M12 e nang le tekanyo ea IP67, li-conductor tse sirelelitsoeng habeli tsa SF/UTP tse 22AWG, tsa boemo bo phahameng ba kantle, tse nang le tekanyo ea PLTC, jase e tala ea TPE.

4. Lisebelisoa tse Khothaletsoang tsa Teko

Maemo a fapaneng a lisebelisoa tsa liteko a netefatsa botšepehi le ho latela melao ea thapo ea PROFINET:

• Liteko tsa motheo– Bakeng sa ho hlahloba ka potlako tswelopele le di-wiremap.

• Bahlahlobi ba setifikeiti se tsoetseng pele (mohlala, Fluke, Softing)– Netefatsa ho latela melao ya PROFINET le Ethernet ka botlalo ka ho lekanya ho fokotseha ha motlakase, ho bua ka tsela e fapaneng, ho se kgone ho fihlella motlakase, le tse ding.

• Bahlahlobi ba marang-rang- Hlahloba ts'ebetso ea marang-rang ka nako ea sebele, hlokomela boleng ba puisano, 'me u lemohe mathata a ts'ebetso.

5. Malebela a Teko e Tšepahalang

• Kamehla leka pele o kenya ho qoba nako e jang nako e ngata ea ho se sebetse le ho lokisa bocha.

• Tšoaea likhoele tsohle tse lekiloeng le litlaleho tsa setifikeiti sa lebenkele bakeng sa ho sala morao nakong ea tlhahlobo kapa tlhokomelo.

• Sebelisa lihokelo tse sirelelitsoeng libakeng tse nang le EMI e phahameng ho boloka botšepehi ba lets'oao.

• Nkela thapo efe kapa efe sebaka ka tahlehelo ea lets'oao e fetang meeli e tloaelehileng (mohlala, >3 dB) ho netefatsa ts'epo ea netweke ea nako e telele.

6. Liphoso tse Tloaelehileng tsa Teko Tse Lokelang ho Qojoa

Liphoso tse tloaelehileng tse behang ho nepahala ha tlhahlobo kotsing li kenyelletsa:

• Ho tlola netefatso ea tšireletso libakeng tse nang le maemo a holimo a EMI.

• Ho itshetlehile ka diteko tsa boleng ba bareki ho ena le disebediswa tse nang le setifikeiti sa PROFINET.

• Ho hlokomoloha litataiso tsa ho kenya moetsi.

• Ho hloleha ho leka dikhoele tse tlasa mojaro wa sebele, ho thibela ho lemohuwa ha mathata a tshebetso a hlahang feela nakong ya tshebetso.

7. Litlhahiso tsa ho Tšepahala ha Nako e Telele

• Sebelisa Cat6 kapa likhoele tsa PROFINET tse nang le maemo a holimo bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsohle tse ncha.

• Theha moralo oa tlhokomelo ea thibelo ka liteko tsa cable nako le nako ho lemoha ho senyeha ha pele.

• Khetha likhoele tse nang le jekete ea LSZH kapa PUR bakeng sa tikoloho e thata kapa e boima.

• Boloka le ho tshwara dithapo hantle, o qobe ho kobeha ho feteletseng kapa kgatello ya mechine ho thibela mapetso a manyane a senyang tshebetso ya motlakase ha nako e ntse e ya.

8. Lipotso tse Botsoang Khafetsa Mabapi le Teko ea Cable ea PROFINET

P1: Likhoele tsa PROFINET li lokela ho lekoa hangata hakae?
A: Leka nakong ea ho kenya le likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse 12-18 e le karolo ea tlhokomelo ea thibelo.

P2: Na diteko tse tloaelehileng tsa Ethernet di ka sebediswa bakeng sa dikheibole tsa PROFINET?
K: Ba ka etsa liteko tsa motheo, empa bahlahlobi ba nang le setifikeiti sa PROFINET ba khothaletsoa bakeng sa ts'epo e felletseng.

P3: Bolelele bo boholo ba thapo e tshehetswang bakeng sa PROFINET ke bofe?
A: Limithara tse 100 ka karolo bakeng sa likhoele tsa koporo; fiber-optic PROFINET e ka atoloha hole haholo.

P4: Nka netefatsa joang hore tšireletso e sebetsa hantle?
K: Ka ho etsa liteko tsa ho tswela pele ha tshireletso le tsa ho thella.

P5: Na ho leka likhoele tsa PROFINET tsa kantle ho fapane?
K: E. Ntle le liteko tsa motlakase, ho hanyetsa mahlaseli a kotsi a UV, mamello ea mocheso le tšireletso ea mongobo le tsona lia hlahlojoa.