1. Sehlopha saFiberAli-mplifiers
Ho na le mefuta e meraro ea mantlha ea li-amplifiers tsa optical:
(1) Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA, Semiconductor Optical Amplifier);
(2) Li-amplifiers tsa optical fiber tse nang le likarolo tse sa tloaelehang tsa lefats'e (erbium Er, thulium Tm, praseodymium Pr, rubidium Nd, joalo-joalo), haholo-holo li-amplifiers tsa erbium-doped fiber (EDFA), hammoho le thulium-doped fiber amplifiers (TDFA) le praseodymium-doped fiber amplifiers (PDFA), joalo-joalo.
(3) Li-amplifiers tsa fiber tse se nang moeli, haholo-holo fiber Raman amplifiers (FRA, Fiber Raman Amplifier). Papiso e ka sehloohong ea ts'ebetso ea li-amplifiers tsena tsa optical e bontšoa tafoleng
EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier)
Sistimi ea laser ea maemo a mangata e ka etsoa ka ho etsa doping ea fiber ea quartz e nang le likarolo tse sa tloaelehang tsa lefatše (tse kang Nd, Er, Pr, Tm, joalo-joalo), 'me leseli la pontšo ea ho kenya le matlafatsoa ka ho toba tlas'a ketso ea leseli la pompo. Ka mor'a ho fana ka maikutlo a nepahetseng, laser fiber e thehoa. Bophahamo ba ho sebetsa ba Nd-doped fiber amplifier ke 1060nm le 1330nm, mme nts'etsopele ea eona le ts'ebeliso ea eona e lekanyelitsoe ka lebaka la ho kheloha boema-kepe bo botle ba puisano ea fiber optic le mabaka a mang. Maqhubu a ts'ebetso ea EDFA le PDFA ka ho latellana a fensetereng ea tahlehelo e tlaase ka ho fetisisa (1550nm) le zero dispersion wavelength (1300nm) ea puisano ea fiber ea optical, 'me TDFA e sebetsa ho S-band, e loketseng haholo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa tsamaiso ea optical fiber. . Haholo-holo EDFA, tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ka ho fetisisa, e bile e sebetsang.
ThePmotheo oa EDFA
Sebopeho sa motheo sa EDFA se bontšoa ho Setšoantšo sa 1(a), seo haholo-holo se entsoeng ka mokhoa o sebetsang (erbium-doped silica fiber e ka bang bolelele ba limithara tse mashome, ka bophara ba 3-5 microns le "doping concentration ea" (25). -1000)x10-6), mohloli oa leseli la pompo (990 kapa 1480nm LD), optical coupler le optical isolator. Leseli la mats'oao le leseli la pompo li ka ata ka tsela e ts'oanang (codirectional pumping), litsela tse fapaneng (ho pompa ka morao) kapa mahlakore ka bobeli (bilirectional pumping) fiber ea erbium. Ha leseli la pontšo le leseli la pompo li kenngoa ka har'a fiber ea erbium ka nako e le 'ngoe, li-ion tsa erbium li thabela boemo bo phahameng ba matla tlas'a ketso ea leseli la pompo (Setšoantšo sa 1 (b), tsamaiso ea litekanyetso tse tharo), 'me ka potlako e bola ho ea boemong ba matla a metastable , ha e khutlela sebakeng sa fatše tlas'a ketso ea leseli la pontšo ea ketsahalo, e ntša li-photon tse lumellanang le leseli la leseli, e le hore pontšo e matlafatsoe. Setšoantšo sa 1 (c) ke sekhahla sa sona se matlafalitsoeng sa "spontaneous emission" (ASE) se nang le bandwidth e kholo (ho fihla ho 20-40nm) le litlhōrō tse peli tse tsamaellanang le 1530nm le 1550nm ka ho latellana.
Melemo e ka sehloohong ea EDFA ke phaello e phahameng, bandwidth e kholo, matla a phahameng a tsoang, bokhoni bo phahameng ba pompo, tahlehelo e tlase ea ho kenya, le ho se utloele boemo ba polarization.
2. Mathata a Fiber Optical Amplifiers
Leha amplifier ea optical (haholo-holo EDFA) e na le melemo e mengata e ikhethang, ha se sehokelo se loketseng. Ntle le lerata le eketsehileng le fokotsang SNR ea lets'oao, ho na le mefokolo e meng, joalo ka:
- Ho se leka-lekane ha sekhahla sa phaello ka har'a bandwidth ea amplifier ho ama ts'ebetso ea ho holisa likanale tse ngata;
- Ha li-amplifiers tsa optical li fokotseha, liphello tsa lerata la ASE, fiber dispersion le liphello tse sa tloaelehang li tla bokella.
Litaba tsena li tlameha ho tsotelloa ts'ebelisong le moralong oa sistimi.
3. Kopo ea Optical Amplifier ho Optical Fiber Communication System
Tsamaisong ea puisano ea fiber optical, theFiber Optical Amplifiere ka sebelisoa eseng feela e le amplifier ea matla a motlakase ho eketsa matla a phetisetso, empa hape e le preamplifier ea moamoheli ho ntlafatsa kutloisiso ea ho amohela, hape e ka nkela sebaka sa setso sa optical-electrical-optical repeater, ho holisa phetiso. hole le ho elelloa puisano ka hohle-hohle.
Litsamaisong tsa puisano tsa fiber ea optical, lintlha tse ka sehloohong tse fokotsang sebaka sa phetisetso ke tahlehelo le ho hasana ha fiber ea optical. Ka ho sebelisa mohloli oa leseli o moqotetsane, kapa ho sebetsa haufi le leqhubu la leqhubu la zero-dispersion, tšusumetso ea ho hasana ha fiber e nyane. Sistimi ena ha e hloke ho etsa nchafatso ea nako ea lets'oao le felletseng (3R relay) seteisheneng se seng le se seng sa relay. Ho lekane ho holisa ka ho toba lets'oao la optical ka amplifier ea optical (1R relay). Li-amplifiers tsa optical li ka sebelisoa eseng feela lits'ebetsong tsa trunk tse telele empa hape le marang-rang a optical fiber distribution, haholo-holo lits'ebetsong tsa WDM, ho matlafatsa liteishene tse ngata ka nako e le 'ngoe.
1) Tšebeliso ea li-Amplifaya tsa Optical ho Trunk Optical Fiber Communication Systems
Setšoantšo sa 2 ke setšoantšo sa schematic sa ts'ebeliso ea amplifier ea optical ka trunk optical fiber communication system. (a) setšoantšo se bontša hore amplifier ea optical e sebelisoa e le amplifier ea matla ea motlakase ea transmitter le preamplifier ea moamoheli e le hore sebaka seo e seng se-relay se imetsoe habeli. Mohlala, ho amohela EDFA, phetiso ea sistimi sebaka sa 1.8Gb/s se eketseha ho tloha ho 120km ho isa ho 250km kapa ho fihla ho 400km. Setšoantšo sa 2 (b)-(d) ke ts'ebeliso ea li-amplifiers tsa optical ho li-multi-relay systems; Setšoantšo (b) ke mokhoa oa setso oa 3R oa relay; Setšoantšo (c) ke mokhoa o tsoakiloeng oa relay oa 3R o pheta-pheta le li-amplifiers tsa optical; Setšoantšo sa 2 (d) Ke mokhoa oa ho fetisa ka hohle-hohle; tsamaisong ea puisano ea optical kaofela, ha e kenyelle lipotoloho tsa nako le ho tsosolosoa, kahoo e batla e le pepeneneng, 'me ha ho na thibelo ea "whisker ea botlolo ea elektronike". Hafeela lisebelisoa tsa ho romela le ho amohela lipheletsong ka bobeli li nkeloa sebaka, Ho bonolo ho ntlafatsa ho tloha tekanyo e tlaase ho ea ho tekanyo e phahameng, 'me amplifier ea optical ha e hloke ho nkeloa sebaka.
2) Tšebeliso ea Optical Amplifier ho Optical Fiber Distribution Network
Melemo e phahameng ea tlhahiso ea matla ea li-amplifiers tsa optical (haholo-holo EDFA) li bohlokoa haholo ho marang-rang a phano ea Broadband (joalo kaCATVMarang-rang). Marang-rang a setso a CATV a amohela mohala oa coaxial, o hlokang ho holisoa ka limithara tse makholo a 'maloa, mme sebaka sa marang-rang sa marang-rang se ka ba 7km. Marang-rang a optical fiber CATV a sebelisa li-amplifiers tsa optical a ke ke a eketsa haholo palo ea basebelisi ba ajoang, empa hape a atolosa tsela ea marang-rang haholo. Lintlafatso tsa morao-rao li bonts'itse hore kabo ea optical fiber/hybrid (HFC) e hula matla a tsona ka bobeli mme e na le tlholisano e matla.
Setšoantšo sa 4 ke mohlala oa marang-rang a optical fiber distribution bakeng sa AM-VSB modulation ea likanale tse 35 tsa TV. Mohloli o khanyang oa transmitter ke DFB-LD e nang le wavelength ea 1550nm le matla a tsoang a 3.3dBm. E sebelisa EDFA ea 4-level e le amplifier ea ho aba matla, matla a eona a ho kenya a ka bang -6dBm, 'me matla a eona a tsoang a ka bang 13dBm. Kutloisiso ea moamoheli oa mahlo -9.2d Bm. Ka mor'a maemo a 4 a kabo, palo eohle ea basebelisi e fihlile ho limilione tse 4,2, 'me tsela ea marang-rang e feta lik'hilomithara tse mashome. Karo-karolelano e boima ea pontšo-ho-lerata ea teko e ne e le kholo ho feta 45dB, 'me EDFA ha ea ka ea baka ho fokotseha ha CSO.
Nako ea poso: Apr-23-2023